Hi!

I am not a Perl geek and I am using patterns and recipes to cook scripts.

I am trying to do conversion from C / C++ code to the hypertext with style sheets. Actually, it is a code highlighting.

Script below (sorry for huge code citation) does not work.

1. It is stupid and complex :-)
2. It highlights special words inside strings.
3. It 'eats itself' and replacing <span class="keyword"> to <span <span class="keyword">class</span>="keyword"> in some cases!
4. It can't highlight word at start of line.
5. It does not highlights something (why?).

Help me to correct it.

Are there good scripts for highlighting code on C / C++ / Java / Perl / Bash / etc.?

Thanks!

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
# cpp2xhtml.pl

my $directive_class = "directive";
my $comment_class = "comment";
my $function_class = "function";
my $method_class = "method";
my $string_class = "string";
my $character_class = "character";
my $type_class = "type";
my $keyword_class = "keyword";
my $libtype_class = "libtype";

my $comment = 0;

# Words to highlight...
# keywords, operators, etc.:
my @operators_keywords = qw { and and_eq asm bitand bitor break
case catch class compl const_cast continue default delete do
dynamic_cast else enum explicit export false for friend goto if
inline namespace new not not_eq operator or or_eq private
protected public reinterpret_cast restrict return sizeof
static_cast struct switch template this throw true try typedef
typeid typename union using virtual volatile while xor xor_eq };
# modifiers:
my @modifiers = qw { auto const extern long mutable register
short signed static unsigned };
# Basic types / primitives
my @primitives = qw { _Bool _Complex _Complex_I _Imaginary
_Imaginary_I bool char double float int wchar_t void };
# Macro, types, classes, defined by language library:
my @library_words = qw { _IOFBF _IOLBF _IONBF abort adjustfield
allocator allocator_type app ate atexit auto_ptr
back_insert_iterator bad_alloc bad_cast bad_exception bad_typeid
badbit basefield basic_filebuf basic_fstream basic_ifstream
basic_ios basic_iostream basic_istream basic_istringstream
basic_ofstream basic_ostream basic_ostringstream basic_streambuf
basic_string basic_stringbuf basic_stringstream beg
bidirectional_iterator_tag binary binary_function binder1st
binder2nd boolalpha BUFSIZ BUFSIZE cerr CHAR_BIT CHAR_MAX
CHAR_MIN CHAR_T char_traits char_type cin clock_t
CLOCKS_PER_SEC clog codecvt codecvt_byname collate_byname
complex const_iterator const_mem_fun_ref_t const_mem_fun_t
const_mem_fun1_ref_t const_mem_fun1_t const_pointer
const_reference const_reverse_iterator cout ctype ctype_byname
cur DBL_DIG DBL_EPSILON DBL_MANT_DIG DBL_MAX DBL_MAX_10_EXP
DBL_MAX_EXP DBL_MIN DBL_MIN_10_EXP DBL_MIN_EXP dec
difference_type div_t divides domain_error double_t end EOF
eofbit equal_to exception exit EXIT_FAILURE EXIT_SUCCESS failbit
failure FE_ALL_EXCEPT FE_DFL_ENV FE_DIVBYZERO FE_DOWNWARD
FE_INEXACT FE_INVALID FE_OVERFLOW FE_TONEAREST FE_TOWARDZERO
FE_UNDERFLOW FE_UPWARD fenv_t fexcept_t FILE filebuf
FILENAME_MAX fixed float_denorm_style float_round_style float_t
floatfield FLT_DIG FLT_EPSILON FLT_MANT_DIG FLT_MAX
FLT_MAX_10_EXP FLT_MAX_EXP FLT_MIN FLT_MIN_10_EXP FLT_MIN_EXP
FLT_RADIX FLT_ROUNDS fmtflags FOPEN_MAX forward_iterator_tag
FP_FAST_FMA FP_FAST_FMAF FP_FAST_FMAL FP_ILOGB0 FP_ILOGBNAN
FP_INFINITE FP_NAN FP_NORMAL FP_SUBNORMAL FP_ZERO fpos fpos_t
front_insert_iterator fstream goodbit greater greater_equal
gslice_array hex HUGE_VAL HUGE_VALF HUGE_VALL ifstream imaxdiv_t
in indirect_array INFINITY input_iterator_tag insert_iterator
INT_MAX INT_MIN INT_T int_type internal invalid_argument ios
iostate iostream istream istream_iterator istreambuf_iterator
istringstream iterator iterator_category iterator_traits jmp_buf
key_compare key_type L_tmpnam LC_ALL LC_COLLATE LC_CTYPE
LC_MONETARY LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME lconv LDBL_DIG LDBL_EPSILON
LDBL_MANT_DIG LDBL_MAX LDBL_MAX_10_EXP LDBL_MAX_EXP LDBL_MIN
LDBL_MIN_10_EXP LDBL_MIN_EXP ldiv_t left length_error less
less_equal locale logic_error logical_and logical_not logical_or
LONG_MAX LONG_MIN mapped_type mask_array MATH_ERREXCEPT
math_errhandling MATH_ERRNO MB_CUR_MAX MB_LEN_MAX mbstate_t
mem_fun_ref_t mem_fun_t mem_fun1_ref_t mem_fun1_t messages
messages_base messages_byname minus modulus money_base money_get
money_put moneypunct moneypunct_byname multiplies NAN negate
new_handler not_equal_to nothrow nothrow_t NULL num_get num_put
numeric_limits numpunct oct OFF_T off_type offsetof ofstream
openmode ostream ostream_iterator ostreambuf_iterator
ostringstream out out_of_range output_iterator_tag overflow_error
pair plus pointer pointer_to_binary_function
pointer_to_unary_function POS_T pos_type ptrdiff_t RAND_MAX
range_error raw_storage_iterator rebind reference reverse_iterator
right runtime_error SCHAR_MAX SCHAR_MIN scientific SEEK_SET seekdir
sentry showbase showpoint showpos SHRT_MAX SHRT_MIN sig_atomic_t
SIG_DFL SIG_ERR SIG_FPE SIG_IGN SIG_INT SIG_TERM SIGABRT SIGILL
SIGSEGV size_t size_type skipws slice_array STATE_T state_type
stderr stdin stdout streambuf streamoff streampos streamsize
stringbuf stringstream terminate_handler time_get time_get_byname
time_put time_put_byname time_t tm TMP_MAX traits_type trunc
type_info UCHAR_MAX UINT_MAX ULONG_MAX unary_function unary_negate
underflow_error unexpected_handler unitbuf uppercase USHRT_MAX
va_arg va_end va_list va_start valarray value_compare value_type
wcerr WCHAR_MAX WCHAR_MIN wchar_t wcin wclog wcout wctrans_t wctype_t
WEOF wfilebuf wifstream wint_t wios wiostream wistream wistringstream
wostream wostringstream wstreambuf wstreampos wstringbuf wstringstream };

print "<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd\">

<html xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml\" xml:lang=\"en\">
<head>
<link rel=\"stylesheet\" type=\"text/css\" href=\"code.css\" />
<title></title>
</head>
<body>

<pre>";

foreach (<STDIN>) {
# Step 1: replace <, >, & by the XML ENTITIES
    $_ =~ s/&/&amp;/;
    $_ =~ s/</&lt;/;
    $_ =~ s/>/&gt;/;

    $_ =~ s/\x0D|\x0A|\x0D|\x0C|\x{2028}|\x{2029}//;
    $_ = "$_\n";

# Step 2: highlight block comments
    if ($_ =~ m/\/\*.*/) { $comment++; }
    $_ =~ s/(\/\*)/<span class="$comment_class">$1/;
    $_ =~ s/(\*\/)/$1<\/span>/;
    if ($_ =~ m/\.*\*\//) { $comment--; }

    if (!$comment) {

# Step 3: highlight preprocessor instrunctions and line comments
        if ($_ =~ m/.*\/\/.*/ || $_ =~ m/#.*/ ) {
            $_ =~ s/(.*)(\/\/[^\n]*)([\n]*)/$1<span class="$comment_class">$2<\/span>$3/;
            $_ =~ s/(#[^<]*[^\n]*)([\n]*)/<span class="$directive_class">$1<\/span>$2/;
        }

        else {
# Step 5: highlight strings
            $_ =~ s/([^\\])("[^"]*")([^\\])/$1<span class="$string_class">$2<\/span>$3/;

# Step 6: highlight characters
            $_ =~ s/([^\\])('[^']*')([^\\])/$1<span class="$character_class">$2<\/span>$3/;

# Step 7: highlight keywords, operators, etc.
            foreach my $operator_keyword (@operators_keywords) {
                $_ =~ s/([^\w]+)($operator_keyword)([^\w]+|\n)/$1<span class="$keyword_class">$2<\/span>$3/;
            }

# Step 8: highlight modifiers and basic types / primitives
            foreach my $modifier (@modifiers) {
                $_ =~ s/([^\w]+)($modifier)([^\w]+|\n)/$1<span class="$type_class">$2<\/span>$3/;
            }

# Step 9: highlight macro, types, classes, defined by language library:
            foreach my $library_word (@library_words) {
                $_ =~ s/([^\w]+)($library_word)([^\w]+|\n)/$1<span class="$libtype_class">$2<\/span>$3/;
            }

# Step 10: highlight functions and methods
            $_ =~ s/\.([a-zA-z_]\w*)(\s*)\(/.<span class="$method_class">$1<\/span>$2(/;
            $_ =~ s/([a-zA-z_]\w*)(\s*)\(/<span class="$function_class">$1<\/span>$2(/;
        }
    }

    $_ =~ s/(\s+)(<\/[a-zA-z]+>)/$2$1/;

    print "$_";
}

print "</pre>

</body>
</html>";

/* code.css */

.keyword, .libtype { font-weight: bold }
.type { color: #900 }
.comment { color: #666; font-style: italic }
.libtype { color: #00f }
.string { color: #f00 }
.character { color: #f0f }
.method, .function { color: #009 }
.directive { color: #090 }