Running around New York. ([info]futurebird) wrote in [info]peak_oil,
@ 2007-08-13 15:55:00
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Size Matters
I just bought a new refrigerator for my co-op here in the city. At first I thought "I've got to get that Energy Star, so I can use less power." I ended up getting a fridge without energy star and here is why:

Over the years refrigerators have gotten larger, a lot larger. I was hard pressed to find a small model at all. I knew that simply reducing the size of the unit could be a better way to cut energy costs. After visiting three vendors I still could not find a 10 cubic feet or smaller sized unit with the energy star. So I compared the smallest "full sized" unit I could find with the larger units with "energy star" the result? It beat every singe one in the area of energy use.

They do make small energy star units, but they are hard to find.

OPTION A
16.5 Cubic feet 490 kWh per year with "energy star"

OPTION B
25.5 Cubic feet 610 kWh per year has "energy star"

OPTION C
8.8 Cubic feet 379 kWh per year, no "energy star" <-- my choice
(If I could have found the energy star model it would have been 360 kWh)

I live in the city, so I can shop often without starting up a car. I love this small fridge because I tend to cook everything in it for my family and things don't get lost or wasted. I can see everything in it since it's not too deep, and it stays full since it it small (refrigerators are less efficient when empty, since when you open then the cold air rushes out)

But rather than encourage people to have smaller refrigerators energy star seems to encourage people to feel OK about having large ones. I mean unless they expand the selection at stores. The clerks at the stores were appalled that I "wanted something smaller" All but 3 of the showroom units were over 26 cubic feet in size! I went around to a few stores and the selection was no better...

I understand that if you can't walk to a shopping area a big fridge may be better in the long run (reducing the number of trips to the store by car) but my parents have a large model and live in a suburb and they just seem to pack it full of food and forget about most of it then throw a lot of items out. (Ask yourself: are you really going to eat all of that food before it rots? All 28 cubic feet of it? And if it won't rot, then why is it in there? Want a cold beer? Put it in the night before... simple... Jesus...)

Oh and here is a link to a paper on just this topic:

In 1993, Whirlpool won the Consortium for Energy Efficiency‘s $30 million —Golden Carrot“ award for a 22-cubic-foot, side-by-side refrigerator, also offered in 25-cubic-foot and 27-cubic- foot models. These —Super-Efficient Refrigerator Program“ (SERP) refrigerators were very efficient compared to other side-by-side refrigerators of the same size but questionable in comparison to the typical new refrigerator: although the 22-cubic-foot model‘s estimated annual energy consumption of 760 kWh/year (Rocky Mountain Institute n.d.) exceeded then-current standards by 30%, it was not only bigger than the average refrigerator sold in 1993 (19.8 cubic feet), but it had higher energy consumption than the maximum allowed by the NAECA standard for a top-mounted-freezer model of the same capacity (Wenzel et al.1997, 77). http://enduse.lbl.gov/info/ACEEE-Pred.pdf.


I think people who can make do with smaller models that simply use less energy ought to get a "star" too?

What are your thoughts on this?



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[info]wang1961
2007-08-13 08:06 pm UTC (link)
Never forget... it's all about selling refrigerators! Follow the money. The revenues and profits don't come from 8.8 cu ft units, but from "family sized" units. Just like the car companies make more money on SUVs, well, at least until recently.

You made the right choice for you, by focusing on the absolute amount of energy consumed that meets your needs.

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-13 08:15 pm UTC (link)
But energy star is a government program that ought to help people make better choices, but it's not working that way. If I'd just bought the energy star I'd end up using MORE energy.

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[info]wang1961
2007-08-13 08:21 pm UTC (link)
Energy Star is a good program, though, when you compare across a given size class of fridge, like the 25 sq footers.

But it doesn't tell you what size class to buy. That's your choice.

Of course, most people (not you) being math illiterates... they will make a suck decision.

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[info]mehitabelmmoss
2007-08-13 08:23 pm UTC (link)
I think you're right on. My last fridge was an energy star - but one of the smallest for my house and family.
My last car- I looked at the hybrids and ended up w/ a Scion xB - roomy enough, great mileage and cheap. So I get 35mpg instead of 45 - my car will need little maintenance, and has a smaller environmental footprint - same as your smaller fridge - less metal and plastic etc.

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[info]birdbard
2007-08-13 09:13 pm UTC (link)
We bought a Conserv, which was expensive but is Energy Star, is small, and has the freezer on the bottom, which we like:

http://www.conservrefrigerators.com/conserv.html

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-13 10:15 pm UTC (link)
255-329 per year is really great.

It looks like it's about 11 cubic feet total.

It *is* expensive though... compare to $299 for 8.8 Cubic feet of space using 379 kwh a year.

Now... will I save $700 in electricty bills over the life of this fridge?


(In fact I did look at this one and I rejected it for being to tall to fit in my kitchen. But still...)

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[info]l33tminion
2007-08-13 10:27 pm UTC (link)
Since Energy Star is based on efficiency, not overall consumption, this strikes me as an excellent example of the Jevons Paradox.

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[info]albionwood
2007-08-13 10:53 pm UTC (link)
Yes, well spotted! The Energy Star program does not get people to use less electricity, it only encourages them to get bigger appliances. Just as CAFE did not get people to buy high-mileage cars, instead they bought trucks and SUVs. I don't know of any so-called "conservation programs" that actually reward people who make the most conservative choices.

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-13 11:20 pm UTC (link)
You're right! It is Jevons paradox... How would you change the program to make it work?

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[info]l33tminion
2007-08-14 12:08 am UTC (link)
Well, it would probably be better to focus on overall consumption instead of efficiency, although that could lead to the same sort of problem if you're not careful how about categories of products are divided (i.e. "family" vs. "industrial" vs. "compact" refrigerators, perhaps).

Another solution would be to encourage manufacturers to label the energy consumption of their products more clearly. I don't know where you got the energy consumption statistics for the models you considered, but I bet it wasn't on big, clearly visible stickers on the front of the units.

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-14 12:43 am UTC (link)
I had to go to the energy star web site and type in the model number. And NO their "search" won't just give you a list of the fridges by how much energy they use.

I should be able to search for the size I need and get a list of all the best models.

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I wonder if Jevon's Paradox would work in reverse?
[info]venuspluto
2007-08-14 07:01 am UTC (link)
Make everything less energy efficient, and suddenly everybody wants to conserve energy!

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Re: I wonder if Jevon's Paradox would work in reverse?
[info]futurebird
2007-08-14 12:07 pm UTC (link)
Ha! In a sense it would work... not great for the environment either...

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Re: I wonder if Jevon's Paradox would work in reverse?
[info]venuspluto
2007-08-14 04:17 pm UTC (link)
That's pretty much the effect it had in the USSR and its satellites. Technology and industry were very energy inefficient, and that kept people from being too profligate (along with everything else about statist communism), and it also trashed the environment (along with everything else about statist communism).

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[info]softside
2007-08-13 10:49 pm UTC (link)
If you haven't bought it already, I've seen some places that are offering much more efficient top opening refrigerators.

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-13 11:19 pm UTC (link)
That thing is only 80 liters or 2.8 cubic feet... I'm readyy for a smaller fridge, but not that small! Cool that it can run on sun power, though.

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[info]venuspluto
2007-08-14 07:03 am UTC (link)
Yeah, that's a college dorm-room fridge, pretty much.

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[info]welling1
2007-08-14 02:13 am UTC (link)
I wish I was in a position to buy a frig. I'm a renter and have a frig that is way too big for just me.

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[info]futurebird
2007-08-14 12:13 pm UTC (link)
The best thing you can do is just keep it full. Then the cold air won't rush out. Fill old juice bottles with water and pack the freezer. A few glass jugs of water in the main fridge also help.

Then if there is an emergency you have water!

You can also transfer the ice from the frezer to the main fridge in a power outage, this will keep your food from going bad if you keep the door closed and the power comes back on soon enough.


When I was single and renting I just cleaned the damn thing out and turned it off. (I ate a lot of take-out back then, and lived right above a grocery store) It made my apartment cooler in the summer, reduced the noise at night and shaved about $10 off of my monthly electric bill. But then, my landlord had given me this fridge from like 1955 that was the size of hummer. God, I hated that thing!

I'm a grown up now so I can't pull that trick anymore.

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Dorm room fridges are of very little utility...
[info]venuspluto
2007-08-14 04:31 pm UTC (link)
...but you probably could have used one of those back then. The thing I never liked about them is that the very small freezer compartment didn't have a tray for catching the meltwater from freezer-defrosting, and it didn't even have a button to press to make the freezer defrost!

My current refridgerator is about four feet tall. I have to shop twice a week, but that's okay because I work at a grocery store. I also take the bus, which means I wouldn't be able to carry a week's worth of groceries anyway. I have fridge thermometer (I highly recommend those), and despite my unit's age, it gets down to the necessary temperature (between 40 and 44 degrees F, or if you have a dying old clunker, between 44 and 48) at its third-highest setting. Anymore than that and I have to defrost the freezer unit too often. (Yes, I live in a falling-apart old building run by a mentally deranged landlord, in case you were wondering.)

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[info]peristaltor
2007-08-14 07:47 pm UTC (link)
There might be a reason behind the ES label and larger fridges rooted in physics. The larger the volume of the cooled space, the more efficient the cooling per cubic foot. The thermal mass within is less exposed to the elements (open doors, leaky seals) and thus loses less cool. It's the same principle that you mention with full v. empty fridges. Dorm-sized beer coolers are horribly inefficient per cubic foot.

Another factor might involve mass production and the stock most stores can afford to carry. That's going to be limited toward the average consumer. I know Sun Frost fridges are super-efficient (and available in off-grid DC!), but I've never seen one in any store in which I can afford to shop. They're special order only.

In fact, I'll bet the smaller fridge makers don't bother to apply for an ES rating since they are being made only to replace old fridges in small enclosures, or to give landlords a cheap rental-unit choice. The ES rating costs money to obtain.

It's the same problem with small dishwashers (which are more efficient than hand-washing). Everyone wants big, so to get a small one, you have to spend twice as much.

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fridge food waste
[info]wastedfood
2007-08-15 04:33 pm UTC (link)
Really interesting stuff! I was most intrigued about how refrigerator size can cause food waste. I'd love to hear if anyone else has any stories about how fridge size has induced or prevented people from wasting food. I just blogged on this topic and linked to your original post.

Also, I never knew that keeping the fridge full helped its efficiency. Good to know. That makes it more important, from a waste perspective, not to have a huge fridge.

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